It's always a game of statistics.

You might have some 20yo disks that play fine, but there's enough 10yo disks that don't play fine. Also, especially with audio disks, having some data loss on them won't be noticeable. You could probably have up to 10% of data loss on the CD without hearing much of a difference.

Things are very different for data storage though. Here losing a single bit (e.g. of an encrypted/compressed file) might make the whole file unreadable. And if it's a critical file that might make the whole disk useless.

Audio CD is a very low-data-density format. There's a ton of data on there that doesn't matter (as exemplified by the fact that MP3 CDs can easily hold 6 times as much audio as a regular, uncompressed Audio CD). This low data density creates redundancy.

The data retention values above aren't about "After X years all of the data disappears" but about "This is how long the data will be fully retained without a single bit of data loss".

I also have HDDs from ~2000 that still work fine. The probably oldest piece of tech I own is a Gameboy, which has its BIOS in a ROM, and that one still works fine, even though it's older than 30 years now. But for one I don't own enough Gameboys to know whether I got an outlier here and I don't have the means to check if every single bit on that ROM is still identical to the original.