English cooking vocabulary matches the sofistication of their cuisine

I think y'all are missing the point. OP points out that in their native language, Cantonese, they have different words for each of these kinds of cooking. In English, we apply modifiers, if anything; "deep fry", "air fry", but we don't have different words for the different types of frying.

That's all they're saying. Eskimo words for snow. Oregonian words for rain. Georgian words for "you're an idiot." Apparently, in Cantonese, they have a lot of different words for different types of frying.

Nope, nothing ambiguous to me.

To fry means to cook in a fat. That is all.

That's like saying "blue" is ambiguous simply because there's also 13 different Pantone blues.

Scrambled egg is still fried egg

Frying is basically conveying heat to the food via oil

No, it isn’t.

You forgot the small fry that will be vader someday later.

Sometimes after an aggressive cannabis consuming session I myself even become fried.

Never mind the small fry. The word "put" has enough different meanings to fry your CPU.

Wait until you run into the other usages of the word!

But frying food is just using direct heat and oil to cook, regardless of the depth of the oil. And, you'd be surprised how deep the oil is when some people fry eggs or rice. It isn't too unusual for eggs to have enough oil that they more or less float on top of it, though that isn't done for scrambled eggs.

The word fry is also used to mean baby fish, electronics being damaged by surges or excess voltage/amperage, and sometimes even to indicate that someone is inebriated via drugs other than alcohol. Plus there's irregular uses of the word.