I don't think they're that disparate, and my background isn't ant different than yours. I work in ArcGIS every day and have played video games and ttrpg for 30 years now.

Yeah but on a phone we can just pinch, and on a computer we have that little icon of a penis with a + on the balls.

Only works if your roads are built in a grid

It's because one road is indistinguishable from another while malls, towers and tall buildings in general are quite memorable.

It's going to depend a bit on the agency, different places use different systems and have different policies available to them.

Where I work, we used to have Google maps integrated into our CAD (Computer Added Dispatch) so it would sync to the built in map in our CAD. I believe it was some sort of 3rd party plugin, not something the cad developers officially supported, so it was always kind of slow and buggy, and some update that happened a couple years ago totally broke it so we no longer have that.

We do use Google maps through a web browser pretty frequently. We have most of the businesses, parks, schools, cemeteries, etc. loaded into our CAD, but they're not labeled on the map, and sometimes being able to ask "can you see the Starbucks from where you are" can be kind of useful, and the satellite view is really useful for our more rural areas where they may not be many obvious landmarks and it's all fields and trees.

Some departments have some stricter internet usage policies and such and may not be able to use Google maps.

Street view has its uses, mostly for narrowing down the exact address. Most of the time it's not super necessary, we can send police out to the nearest intersection if needed, and they can find "the big house with a red door" or whatever themselves, but if we can narrow down the exact address, sometimes we may have important caution note attached to the address, and of course it can sometimes shave a few minutes off of our response time if our responders don't have to go hunting for the right house.

One of the times street view came in particular handy for me was one time I had a 3rd party calling about something for a friend. They weren't sure of the exact address, but they knew the road and some nearby landmarks that had it narrowed down to about 2 or 3 blocks. The caller kept saying that there was a "big yellow walkman" on the front porch, and was too worked up to really elaborate on what she meant by that. I turned to street view and just kind of went down the block looking at porches until I found one that had one of those fluorescent yellow/green "children at play" signs people put in the street that are shaped like a kid walking and it clicked that that was what she meant.

GPS is irreplaceable in stuff like modern day aviation and shipping though.

It's not that people just don't have the ability to use paper maps, that can be solved relatively quickly, it's that nowadays we're used to departing for somewhere without looking up the route, it's faster than it used to be; if we have to go back, that's something we'll lose.

I've not had the displeasure of using paper maps in my life, but I can navigate without turn by turn quite easily.