While possible I think the relative acceleration and maneuverability of a ship constrained by human passengers compared to a missile means that you can point your drive plume at it but the missile will already be programmed to come in on an arc intended to avoid the plume and with its better maneuverability it will still be able to hit its target effectively.
The Expanse
It might not be able to melt the missile fast enough before the warhead gets within effective range. Missiles in The Expanse travel really fast.
Probably would be a very complex series of maneuvers with less chance of success compared to more traditional evasive maneuvers / defense.
Pretty much all PDCs shown have a lot of freedom of movement, and there are typically multiple cannons on a ship; those can all fire and aim independently. To try to melt those in the drive plume would be nearly impossible.
Don't missiles also typically target the drives? Either to disable them or to blow up the reactor (depending on plot needs)? Those get really close to the plume and seem to be fine.
The only instance I can recall where the fusion drive was used offensively/defensively was when they lured the ptotomolocule hybrid out of the Roci with the nuclear warhead and burned it up in the drive plume. That was also a static target.