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ISC Fellows Letter to the scientific community on the occasion of the Summit of the Future

@science

https://council.science/blog/isc-fellows-letter/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=isc-fellows-letter

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cross-posted from: https://lemmy.ca/post/29254007

https://www.lieffcabraser.com/antitrust/academic-journals/

"On September 12, 2024, Lieff Cabraser and co-counsel at Justice Catalyst Law filed a federal antitrust lawsuit against six commercial publishers of academic journals, including Elsevier, Springer Nature, Taylor and Francis, Sage, Wiley, and Wolters Kluwer, on behalf of a proposed class of scientists and scholars who provided manuscripts or peer review, alleging that these publishers conspired to unlawfully appropriate billions of dollars that would otherwise have funded scientific research."

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Storing electrons in a container

Maybe like how an electron emitter / electron gun electrons can be emitted from the negative electrode. Then maybe can be able to emit each electron into a sealed container to store each free electron not attached to an atom. Which maybe can call this an electron bottle.

Could maybe have the entire inner surface of the container be made out of a conductive material so can maybe be able to both add each electron into the container and to remove each electron from the container. Should probably ensure have an electrically insulative material surrounding the conductive surface so as to prevent emitting each electron outside of the conductive surface. With removing each electron should maybe have a diode to ensure each electron move a specific direction.

If for some reason each electron can go through the container then maybe should use a material for repelling magnetism maybe like a diamagnetic material like a superconductor or something else like pyrolytic graphite or bismuth. This way can perhaps repel magnetism of each electron which then perhaps repels each electron. A superconductor perhaps have a stronger repelling effect compared to something like pyrolytic graphite and bismuth. Which also perhaps pyrolytic graphite have a stronger diamagnetic effect than bismuth.

  • Maybe could even use something like copper or aluminum to maybe be able to repel each electron from each electron’s magnetism causing eddy currents with either type of material.

Which then with using a material for repelling each electron then it might be more difficult to be able to collect each electron. Could probably have a section of the electron bottle with no or at least less of a magnetism repelling effect which are as a conductive surface. Which then to perhaps have something like a removable magnetism repelling material, diamagnetic material behind on the outside of the conductive surface with less or no magnetism repelling effect. This way if the diamagnetic material are in the section with no or less magnetic repelling effect then maybe to repel each electron inside of the container. If to remove the diamagnetic material then maybe to allow each electron to conduct into the conductive surface which then perhaps can be collected.

Electron bottle: Energy generation

Another thing to mention is maybe since each electron always move maybe like with zero point energy then can maybe be used for generating energy.

Maybe for example since each electron emit electromagnetism then perhaps each electromagnetism could affect the conductive surface area to cause current and maybe even go through the electron bottle so can perhaps affect a coil to cause current that way. This way maybe can collect electric current without removing each electron. Though with just collecting current from the inner conductive surface then probably to have a higher chance of collecting each electron and perhaps especially more likely if the conductive surface does not effectively repel each electron.

Maybe either way if effectively repel each electron or not could maybe cause heat which can also maybe be another way to be used for energy. Maybe the heat could power a thermoelectric generator for electric current. Maybe even emit infrared light could power an infrared solar panel for electric current that way.

Also just to mention the conductive surface with the electron bottle that can perhaps act as an electrode like as a negative electrode to emit each electron in the container. I guess in order to effectively emit each electron should be heated up. So maybe another idea how how it could heat up is just by each electron inside of the container itself could perhaps heat up the container. Maybe like magnetism from each electron can heat up the conductive surface.

Maybe another idea could be to collect each electron to for example use with a circuit and then add each electron back into the container. Though this might have a higher chance of losing each electron being emitted from a circuit.

Below ideas regarding how to maybe affect each electron to move at a faster speed so can maybe generate more energy maybe like with each electron’s electromagnetism to induce more current. Perhaps to cause more heat maybe like with collision with inner wall of the electron bottle or electron’s electromagnetism to cause heat with the electron bottle:

Electron bottle: Other ideas with generating energy

Gravity / gravity wave to maybe be able to affect each susceptible electron to maybe move at a faster speed.

Movement of the electron bottle. Maybe if the electron bottle were to move to hit an electron with added movement speed. Or maybe with a material for reflecting magnetism like a diamagnetic material to maybe reflect each susceptible electron’s magnetism to reflect the electron away with more movement speed that way. Maybe like this could be caused from sound vibrations for example.

  • Maybe similarly this could perhaps happen with heat since perhaps heat is vibration of each atom.

Light. If light can hit an electron then could maybe cause to move faster. Maybe with heat could make infrared light inside of the electron bottle to affect each susceptible electron that way. If can have a transparent electron bottle then could maybe more easily allow light from the outside into the container maybe like visible light. However with a transparent container maybe due to each electron emitting electromagnetism to be able to emit various spectrum of light that could be dangerous maybe like UV light to easily go through the transparent container. So perhaps an opaque container are ideal to perhaps block harmful light.

Electron bottle: Gravity waves

Maybe since an electron attracts gravity and if to move to make a gravity wave.

So maybe each gravity wave can have a push and pulling effect towards the direction the gravity wave are moving.

If to store electrons in an electron bottle then maybe since each electron constantly move maybe like with zero point energy then could constantly emit gravity waves maybe in many directions of the electron bottle. This way can repel matter from many directions of the electron bottle.

Maybe if for example have an electron bottle with a dense block of matter maybe like made of iron attached to the outside of the electron bottle then maybe each gravity wave that move towards the direction of the dense block of iron to push and pull on the dense block of iron to maybe cause to move towards the direction of the dense block of iron maybe like a thruster.

So for example maybe this could be useful for spaceship propulsion.

Electron bottle: Notes

Maybe heat from each electron maybe like with colliding with the inner wall of the container to maybe cause heat. With heat can maybe heat up the conductive surface / electrode of the container to maybe be able to emit each electron easier like as an electron emitter maybe like with both wanting to add or remove each electron.

Since each electron perhaps repel each other do to the same electric charge then maybe each electron reduce how effective can add each electron into the electron bottle. Which also maybe due to each electron repelling each other then maybe can force each electron closer to the inner wall of the container to for example cause more heat maybe by colliding with the inner wall and or from electromagnetism.

Electron bottle: Possible dangers

If to open the electron bottle with electrons inside then could perhaps be dangerous like maybe could cause burns like with human skin and blindness like with each human eye.

  • Maybe similarly if to discharge each electron from the container quickly then maybe since each electron are moving through the conductive electrode to maybe cause heat which maybe could be harmful like with being able to burn like with human skin and even break the electron bottle maybe like with melting it which then perhaps suddenly release each electron stored in the container.

Storing light in a container

Maybe the higher spectrum of light the more difficult it is to store in a container. Maybe like with visible, microwave spectrum are difficult to store in a container. However maybe could more easily store the radio wave spectrum of light inside of a conductive container.

Maybe could for example for emitting the radio wave spectrum of light could have an antenna inside of a conductive container to emit each radio wave. Which the antenna should definitely be insulated from the conductive inner wall.

Could maybe call a container for storing light a light bottle.

Also just to mention maybe due to a superconductor not having a lot of resistance can be useful with storing light so as to maybe reduce energy loss from resistance.

Light bottle: Gravity waves

Maybe if a photon (I guess an individual light particle / wave) were to collide with another photon then maybe each photon to annihilate while making an electron and positron. Which just to mention a positron are perhaps the opposite charge to an electron.

Perhaps due to each electron and positron attracting gravity to then attract gravity and maybe if the electron and positron collide to make 2 photons and losing gravity maybe making a gravity wave.

So maybe this can be another way to make gravity waves using light.

Maybe information about photon reflecting off of another photon:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-photon_physics

Maybe also something related are Delbrück scattering:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delbr%C3%BCck_scattering

Light bottle: Energy generation

Maybe similarly to with the electron bottle with generating energy using each electron maybe like with constantly moving like with zero point energy could maybe be similar with an electron and positron from a photon colliding with another photon. Which just to mention perhaps a positron also emit electromagnetism so perhaps could work similarly to an electron with generating energy.

Maybe another idea with generating energy from storing light in a light bottle could be from each photon directly maybe like also due to each photon constantly moving maybe like with zero point energy. Maybe could cause energy like heat, maybe current like with the radio wave spectrum of light without losing energy. Though I think maybe due to colliding with the interior of the light bottle to lose energy / amplitude maybe like as heat so maybe not easily able to use for energy that way.

Light bottle: Possible danger

If the container are suddenly opened releasing light then could perhaps be dangerous perhaps like with causing burns like with human skin and blindness like with each human eye.

  • Which also should perhaps be careful to limit how much light discharge from the container as perhaps when discharging could cause heat with the light bottle which if too much heat could maybe cause damage and break the light bottle opening it maybe like from melting.

Light bottle or electron bottle: Note

With either an electron or light bottle should make sure the inner container are of a vacuum so can maybe reduce resistance and with causing heat and also so can perhaps have more storage space.

More information

More information about storing electrons and light and other information like with most likely aliens abducting and exploiting people as a resource in a text document called “Information about totalitarian and manipulative aliens.odt”, also with picture in the post perhaps also prove these aliens are real:

https://lemmy.world/post/18504237

  • Also there are links to a zip file and google drive folder that include other text documents files like video files referenced in the “Information about totalitarian and manipulative aliens.odt” document.
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Highlights

We may be close to rediscovering thousands of texts that had been lost for millennia. Their contents may reshape how we understand the Ancient World.

We don’t have original copies of anything, not of the Iliad, or the Aeneid, or Herodotus, or the Bible. Instead of originals, we find ourselves dealing with copies. These were first written on scrolls but later in books – the Romans called books codexes – starting in the first century AD. Did I say copies? That’s actually not correct either. We don’t have first copies of anything. What we do have is copies of copies, most of which date hundreds of years after the original was penned. Even many of our copies are not complete copies.

To most fully acclimate the reader to how tenuous this process is, this essay will focus on three different texts. The first will be a very well-known work that was never lost. Nevertheless, almost no one read it in earnest until the nineteenth century. I will then focus on a text that was lost to history, but that we were able to recover from the annals of time. Such examples are fortuitous. Our third example will be a text that we know existed, but of which we have no copies, and consider what important ramifications its discovery could hold. Finally, we’ll turn our attention again to the Villa of the Papyri and the gold mine of texts discovered there that new technologies are currently making available to classicists.

However, many of the scrolls from the Villa of the Papyri remain not only unread, but also unopened. This is because the eruption of Vesuvius left the scrolls carbonized, making it nearly impossible to open them. Despite this obstacle, Dr. Brent Seales pioneered a new technology in 2015 that allowed him and his team to read a scroll without opening it. The technique, using X-ray tomography and computer vision, is known as virtual unwrapping, and it was first used on one of the famous Dead Sea Scrolls, specifically the En-Gedi scroll, the earliest known copy of the Book of Leviticus (likely 210–390 CE). The X-rays allow scholars to create a virtual copy of the text that can then be read like any other ancient document by those with the proper language and paleography skills. Using Dr. Seales’s technique, scholars have been able to upload many of the texts online. A group of donors led by Nat Friedman and Daniel Gross have offered cash prizes to teams of classicists who can decipher the writings. The race to read the virtually unwrapped scrolls is known as the Vesuvius Challenge.

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Highlights

When seawater gets cold, it gets viscous. This fact could explain how single-celled ocean creatures became multicellular when the planet was frozen during “Snowball Earth,” according to experiments.

A series of papers from the lab of Carl Simpson proposes an answer linked to a fundamental physical fact: As seawater gets colder, it gets more viscous, and therefore more difficult for very small organisms to navigate. Imagine swimming through honey rather than water. If microscopic organisms struggled to get enough food to survive under these conditions, as Simpson’s modeling work has implied, they would be placed under pressure to change — perhaps by developing ways to hang on to each other, form larger groups, and move through the water with greater force. Maybe some of these changes contributed to the beginning of multicellular animal life.

The experiment comes with a few caveats, and the paper has yet to be peer-reviewed; Simpson posted a preprint on biorxiv.org earlier this year. But it suggests that if Snowball Earth did act as a trigger for the evolution of complex life, it might be due to the physics of cold water.

It is difficult to precisely date when animals arose, but an estimate from molecular clocks — which use mutation rates to estimate the passage of time — suggests that the last common ancestor of multicellular animals emerged during the era known as the Sturtian Snowball Earth, sometime between 717 million and 660 million years ago. Large, unmistakably multicellular animals appear in the fossil record tens of millions of years after the Earth melted following another, shorter Snowball Earth period around 635 million years ago.

The paradox — a planet seemingly hostile to life giving evolution a major push — continued to perplex Simpson throughout his schooling and into his professional life. In 2018, as an assistant professor, he had an insight: As seawater gets colder, it grows thicker. It’s basic physics — the density and viscosity of water molecules rises as the temperature drops. Under the conditions of Snowball Earth, the ocean would have been twice or even four times as viscous as it was before the planet froze over.

As large creatures, we don’t think much about the thickness of the fluids around us. It’s not a part of our daily lived experience, and we are so big that viscosity doesn’t impinge on us very much. The ability to move easily — relatively speaking — is something we take for granted. From the time Simpson first realized that such limits on movement could be a monumental obstacle to microscopic life, he hasn’t been able to stop thinking about it. Viscosity may have mattered quite a lot in the origins of complex life, whenever that was.

“Putting this into our repertoire of thinking about why these things evolved — that is the value of the entire thing,” he said. “It doesn’t matter if it was Snowball Earth. It doesn’t matter if it happened before or after. Just the idea that it can happen, and happen quickly.”

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Highlights

Amanda Randles wants to copy your body. If the computer scientist had her way, she’d have enough data — and processing power — to effectively clone you on her computer, run the clock forward, and see what your coronary arteries or red blood cells might do in a week. Fully personalized medical simulations, or “digital twins,” are still beyond our abilities, but Randles has pioneered computer models of blood flow over long durations that are already helping doctors noninvasively diagnose and treat diseases.

Her latest system takes 3D images of a patient’s blood vessels, then simulates and forecasts their expected fluid dynamics. Doctors who use the system can not only measure the usual stuff, like pulse and blood pressure, but also spy on the blood’s behavior inside the vessel. This lets them observe swirls in the bloodstream called vortices and the stresses felt by vessel walls — both of which are linked to heart disease. A decade ago, Randles’ team could simulate blood flow for only about 30 heartbeats, but today they can foresee over 700,000 heartbeats (about a week’s worth). And because their models are interactive, doctors can also predict what will happen if they take measures such as prescribing medicine or implanting a stent.

It’s a lot of data. We’re running simulations with up to 580 million red blood cells. There’s interactions with the fluid and red blood cells, the cells with each other, the cells with the walls — you’re trying to capture all of that. For each model, one time point might be half a terabyte, and there are millions of time steps in each heartbeat. It’s really computationally intense.

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