There isn't a full alternative, but if you just want text chat with some voice chat added on there are options like Matrix.
MangoPenguin
I believe only the Pixel phones have the security hardware needed for Graphene.
They're also one of the few phones left that has a truly unlockable bootloader without jumping through hoops or losing significant functionality.
Firefox with uBlock Origin also works nicely.
How would I join a community without knowing anyone with that setup?
Google Pixel of some kind.
One of the only phone lineups with easy bootloader unlock, and also the only ones supported by GrapheneOS.
You can also use it as-is if needed without going crazy from ads and notifications everywhere like other brands tend to have.
Best bet is to disable the app using Canta + Shizuku and use another gallery app.
There's no concrete yes/no answer, it depends on the game you play so much as well.
Some games are really CPU heavy and that will be your bottleneck if there is one, others are primarily GPU heavy and won't rely on the CPU as much.
$1000 to print the frame, $400,000 by the time the house is ready for some reason.
I used to use some of those services a little bit, but it's very expensive and generally very slow compared to just using B2, Wasabi, etc..
As far as a more local solution there are tons of those like Ceph, MinIO, GlusterFS, Garage, and many more.
Out of the box I don't think windows can read common linux filesystems, but there is 3rd party software I've seen to give it that functionality.
I just do full system images for that reason, easier than trying to pick and choose what should be backed up. Used to use Veeam, currently using Synology Active Backup.
For online backups I don't due to size, but for local backups it's just way easier.
Windsribe also has a big advantage for price with their "Build a plan" in that you can pick a few locations and only spend $3 a month without needing to deal with any coupons/sales or long term purchases.