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It's kinda funny, I've become so turned off to these manipulations that the gamification of duolingo just annoys me more than it motivates me. The whole point is to learn a language. Power ups that let you extend the time to complete a timed exercise don't help with learning a language. Getting to the top of the leaderboard didn't make a difference either, especially if it was done using xp boosts.
At this point, I just hate that it forces me to spend time watching various meaningless bars fill up after each lesson.
I've even missed a couple of days, thinking "oh well, there goes my streak, which also doesn't really matter", only to find that they cared more about keeping that than I did and have automatic freezes. Though it wanted me to buy more after the last one, so I'm thinking the next time I miss a day it'll finally go back to 0.
Oh and yes, duolingo is a pay to win language learning game where you can give them money for boosts in the meaningless gamification shit. Even after buying a year subscription (that I don't plan on renewing).
They also completely skip any of the foundational stuff and jump right in to phrases that they don't explain. I'm a few months into Japanese lessons on there and it still hasn't even mentioned that it's been teaching the polite form and that other forms exist (which makes things confusing if you try to use other resources that generally use the neutral form).
It might be better for other languages that aren't so different from English, but I do not suggest duolingo if you want to learn Japanese.
Tbh I don't suggest learning Japanese at all if you aren't strong with languages and memorization. There's a couple thousand kanji symbols you need to learn for everyday communication, and each of those can be combined with others to form words that aren't always intuitive, and then those words can be strung together into sentences that also aren't intuitive to interpret.
Try Language Transfer
Completely free lessons. No gamification. Really natural feeling learning method.
I mean, if you're into that sort of thing.
Yeah I did the Spanish for months and it was like "You're so high level!" but I realized as soon as I stepped back that I mostly had just gotten good at playing their games because they were formatted where the answers were generally obvious, to where I felt like just memorizing key words then trying to read children's books would have been more helpful.
So yeah they for sure use a dozen dark patterns. Making you feel like your account is valuable, making you feel bad for skipping, giving you bonuses for playing on their schedule, and making you feel better at the language than you are.
Lol Spanish is one language that I had assumed might actually work decently with that approach, but I can't say I'm surprised it doesn't.
And yeah, they do seem to design the exercises to be easy. Like translate a sentence to English, but they only give one verb option, or sometimes they don't even provide any options that aren't a part of the sentence and it becomes "can you string these English words together to form a valid sentence with hints in the language you are learning?"
I'm using another app specific to Japanese that at least has grouped the answers in ways that make it harder but more effective because I need to tell the difference between similar looking kanji. It's frustrating, but at least the frustration comes from being annoyed at my own pace rather than from getting a false sense that I'm doing very well only to realize I barely know anything without multiple choice hints.
I'm sure it worked for some people, but for me my brain just picked up the super obvious patterns before picking up much spanish.
It is possible, though I think it's one of those products whose success is based more on customer testimonials than actual statistics about it's effectiveness.
They might exist, but I haven't met anyone who has said they were able to use duolingo to become fluent or even competent in a language.
But then again, my German learned from a class in high school isn't much better. Hell, my French leaned from being in French immersion all through elementary school followed by normal French classes in high school isn't even at a competent level, though I can at least communicate a bit in French. I can still see those subject-verb conjugation tables though lol (though I've lost the French version of "them/they").