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I do all that with docker... I fail to see what Kubernetes adds to that on a single machine.
Kubernetes does it a lot better. No more messing with caddy config files, or docker sockets, you get the real deal, production stuff.
Containers automatically take themselves off the built-in loadbalancer and/or restart when they fail a health check.
A new high-availability postgres cluster with automatic backups is just a Cluster, a firewall rule is just a NetworkPolicy, a new subdomain is just an HTTPRoute, a new proxy container is just a Gateway, a new auto-renewed Let's Encrypt certificate is just a Certificate, and DNS is set up automatically with the domain name from the HTTPRoute without me touching anything. Everything is high-availability and self-healing, I've never had anything go down or crash.
The other thing is ArgoCD, which automatically syncs your cluster with git. If I edit any of my config files in git, it is instantly updated on the cluster itself.
Here is my configuration for my 200+ containers, even my Lemmy instance is running here: https://codeberg.org/jlh/h5b/src/branch/main/argo/custom_applications
Docker and the Docker ecosystem copies a lot of features from Kubernetes, because they're essentially the same thing, but Kubernetes does it in a production-ready, maintainable way. Kubernetes is an automation tool that lets 1 engineer do the work of 10.
Right, right, you just have to reinvent a dozen wheels, use only software that Kubernetes knows how to work with, and learn a bunch of new names for everything.
Once you learn it it isn't super crazy but takes a lot of effort obviously. I think most people who do use k3s and k8s at home are people who use it for work so already knows how and where things should work and be. That said I work with kubernetes every day for work managing a handful of giant production clusters and at home I use unraid to keep it simple.